05. ICarajás, eBrazil
I-KARAGAS lelona lizwe livelisa intsimbi ekrwada enkulu emhlabeni, inovimba oqikelelwa kwi-7.2 yeetoni zebhiliyoni.I-Mini Operator yayo, iVale, ingcali yesinyithi yaseBrazil kunye nemigodi, ngoyena mvelisi mkhulu wehlabathi wentsimbi ekrwada ne-nickel kwaye isebenzisa izibonelelo zombane ezisithoba.Lo mgodi uxhaswe lidama lombane laseTukurui elikufuphi, elinye lelona candelo linemveliso yaseBrazil kunye neprojekthi yokuqala yombane ozakugqitywa kwihlathi lemvula laseAmazon.UTukuri, nangona kunjalo, ungaphandle kolawulo lukaVale.Intsimbi yentsimbi yeKaragas lilitye elinqabileyo kwisithsaba sikaVale.Ilitye layo liqulethe i-67 pesenti yentsimbi kwaye ngoko ke inikezela ngeyona ntsimbi iphezulu kakhulu.Uluhlu lwezibonelelo kumgodi zigubungela i-3 yeepesenti zehlathi lesizwe laseBrazil, kwaye i-CVRD izimisele ukukhusela i-97 eseleyo ngeepesenti ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano yobuchule kunye ne-ICMBIO kunye ne-IBAMA.Phakathi kwezinye iiprojekthi zophuhliso oluzinzileyo, iVale iphuhlise inkqubo yokurisayikilisha intsimbi ekrwada eyenza ukuba inkampani ikwazi ukuhlaziya iitoni ezizigidi ezi-5.2 zentsimbi ekrwada egqwesileyo efakwe kumachibi okusalisa.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: intsimbi
Umsebenzisi: Vale
Ukuqala ngo-1969
Imveliso yonyaka: 104.88 yezigidi zeetoni (2013)
04. Grasberg, Indonesia
Eyaziwa iminyaka emininzi njengediphozithi yegolide enkulu emhlabeni, idiphozithi yegolide yaseGlasberg e-Indonesia yidiphozithi yegolide ye-porphyry, oovimba bayo babonwa njengento engabalulekanga phakathi koo-1980, akuzange kube yilapho kuhlolisiswa ngo-1988 e-PT Freeport Indonesia apho kwafunyanwa ukuba banoovimba ababalulekileyo abasagrunjwayo.Oovimba bayo baqikelelwa ukuba baxabisa malunga nama-40 eebhiliyoni zeerandi kwaye uninzi lwabo luphethwe yiFreeport-McMoRan ngokubambisana neRio Tinto, enye yezona ngxilimbela zemigodi zibalulekileyo kwihlabathi.Lo mgodi unomlinganiselo owahlukileyo kwaye ngowona mgodi uphezulu wegolide ehlabathini (5030m) .Ingumngxuma ovulekileyo ngokuyinxenye kwaye ingaphantsi komhlaba.Ukusukela ngo-2016, malunga ne-75% yemveliso yayo ivela kwimigodi evulekileyo.I-Freeport-McMoRan iceba ukugqibezela ukufakela iziko elitsha kumzi-mveliso ngo-2022.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: Igolide
Umsebenzisi: PT Freeport Indonesia
Ukuqalisa: 1972
Imveliso yonyaka: iitoni ezingama-26.8 (2019)
03. Debmarine, Namibia
I-Debmarine Namibia yohlukile kuba ayingomgodi wesiqhelo, kodwa uthotho lwemisebenzi yemigodi yase-offshore ekhokelwa yi-Debmarine Namibia, i-50-50 yendibaniselwano phakathi kwe-De Beer Group kunye norhulumente waseNamibia.Lo msebenzi wenziwa kunxweme olusemazantsi eNamibia kwaye inkampani yathumela iqela leenqanawa ezintlanu ukuze zithathe iidayimani.NgoMeyi ka-2019, ishishini elidibeneyo libhengeze ukuba liza kuphuhlisa kwaye lisungule inqanawa yokuqala yehlabathi yokubuyisela idayimani, eya kuqalisa ukusebenza ngo-2022 ngexabiso le-468 yezigidi zeedola.I-Debmarine Namibia ibanga ukuba lolona tyalo-mali luxabisekileyo kwimbali yoshishino lwedayimani yolwandle.Imisebenzi yokwembiwa kwemigodi iqhutywa ngeetekhnoloji ezimbini eziphambili: ukomba olusemoyeni kunye nohlobo lwetekhnoloji yokumba i-crawler.Inqanawe nganye kwinqanawa iyakwazi ukulandela, ikhangele kwaye iphonononge indawo ephantsi kolwandle, isebenzisa ubuchwephesha bokwemba obukwinqanaba eliphezulu ukunyusa imveliso.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: idayimani
Umsebenzisi: Debmarine Namibia
Ukuqala: 2002
Imveliso yonyaka: I-1.4 yezigidigidi zeeCARATS
02. Morenci, US
IMoresi, eArizona, yenye yezona zinto zivelisa ubhedu emhlabeni, kunye nogcino oluqikelelwa kwi-3.2 yeebhiliyoni zeetoni kunye nomxholo wobhedu oyi-0.16 ekhulwini.I-Freeport-McMoRan ine-stake eninzi emgodini kwaye i-Sumitomo ine-28 yepesenti yezabelo kwimisebenzi yayo.Lo mgodi ubunemingxuma evulekileyo ukususela ngo-1939 kwaye uvelisa malunga ne-102,000 yeetoni zobhedu ngonyaka.Ekuqaleni wagrunjwa ngaphantsi komhlaba, lo mgodi waqalisa inguqu kwimigodi yemingxuma evulekileyo ngo-1937. UMgodi weMORESI, icandelo eliphambili lemisebenzi yomkhosi wase-US ngexesha lemfazwe, uphantse waphinda kabini imveliso yawo ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II.Izinyibilikisi zayo ezimbini zembali ziye zayekiswa ukusebenza kwaye zaphinda zasetyenziswa, okwesibini kuzo zayekwa ukusebenza ngo-1984. Ngo-2015, iprojekthi yokwandisa iplanti yesinyithi yagqitywa, inyusa umthamo weplanti ukuya malunga neetoni ze-115,000 ngosuku.Lo mgodi kulindeleke ukuba ufikelele ku-2044.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: Ubhedu
Umsebenzisi: Freeport-McMoRan
Ukuqala ngo-1939
Imveliso yonyaka: iitoni ze-102,000
01. Mponeng, eMzantsi Afrika
Umgodi weGolide weMPONENG, omalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-65 kwintshona yaseRhawutini kwaye phantse iikhilomitha ezi-4 ngaphantsi komphezulu weGauteng, ngowona mgodi wegolide unzulu ehlabathini ngokwemigangatho yomphezulu.Ngobunzulu bomgodi, iqondo lobushushu bomphezulu weRock lafikelela malunga ne-66 °C, kwaye udaka lomkhenkce lwaphoselwa emhlabeni, lwehlisa ubushushu bomoya ngaphantsi kwe-30 °C.Umgodi usebenzisa iteknoloji yokulandelela i-elektroniki ukwandisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi basezimayini, iteknoloji inceda ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo ukwazisa abasebenzi abangaphantsi komhlaba ngolwazi olufanelekileyo lokhuseleko.I-Anglogold Ashanti ingumnini kwaye iqhuba lo mgodi, kodwa yavuma ukuthengisela indawo iHarmony Gold ngoFebruwari 2020. NgoJuni 2020, iHarmony Gold yayiqokelele ngaphezulu kwe $200m ukuxhasa ukufunyanwa kwempahla yeMPONENG ephantsi kweAngloGold.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: Igolide
Umsebenzisi: Harmony Gold
Ukuqalisa: 1981
Imveliso yonyaka: iitoni eziyi-9.9
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-22-2022