IStrontium carbonate
I-Strontium carbonate yimathiriyeli ebalulekileyo yemizi-mveliso enoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa.Iyiminerali ye-carbonate, eyeqela le-aragonite, elingaqhelekanga kwaye lenzeka kwi-limestone okanye i-marlstone ngendlela yeemvini.Ngokwendalo, ubukhulu becala bukhona ngohlobo lwe-mineral rhodochrosite kunye ne-strontite, ehlala kunye ne-barium carbonate, i-barite, i-calcite, i-celestite, i-fluorite kunye ne-sulfide, ayinavumba kwaye ayinancasa, ubukhulu becala umgubo omhlophe ococekileyo okanye ikristale yerhombic engenambala, okanye ingwevu, tyheli-mhlophe, luhlaza okanye mdaka xa wosulelwe bubumdaka.Ikristale yeStrontium carbonate imile okwenaliti, kwaye iaggregate yayo ubukhulu becala yigranular, columnar, kunye neenaliti zeradioactive.Inkangeleko yayo ayinambala, imhlophe, iluhlaza-mthubi, kunye nokubonakala kwiglasi ekhanyayo, i-oyile ye-fracture luster, i-brittle, kunye nokukhanya okubuthathaka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phantsi kwe-cathode ray.I-Strontium carbonate izinzile, ayinyibiliki emanzini, inyibilika kancinane kwi-ammonia, i-ammonium carbonate kunye ne-carbon dioxide saturated aqueous solution, kwaye ayinyibiliki etywaleni.Ukongeza, i-strontium carbonate nayo iyinto ebalulekileyo ekrwada kwi-celestite, umthombo onqabileyo wamaminerali.Okwangoku, i-celestite yodidi oluphezulu iphantse yaphela.
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini lehlabathi, intsimi yesicelo se-strontium iye yanda.Ukususela kwinkulungwane ye-19 ukuya ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane, abantu basebenzisa istrontium hydroxide ukwenza iswekile nokucoca isiraphu yebhiti;Ebudeni beemfazwe ezimbini zehlabathi, iikhompawundi zestrontium zazisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iziqhushumbisi neebhombu zemiqondiso;Kwiminyaka ye-1920 kunye ne-1930, i-strontium carbonate yayisetyenziswe njenge-desulfurizer yokwenza i-steelmaking ukususa isulfure, i-phosphorus kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi;Ngama-1950, i-strontium carbonate yayisetyenziselwa ukuhlambulula i-zinc ekuveliseni i-electrolytic zinc, kunye nokuhlambuluka kwe-99.99%;Ngasekupheleni kwe-1960, i-strontium carbonate yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengento yamagnetic;I-Strontium titanate isetyenziswa njengememori yekhompyuter, kwaye i-strontium chloride isetyenziswa njengamafutha e-rocket;Ngo-1968, i-strontium carbonate yafakwa kwiglasi yesikrini sikamabonakude esinemibala kuba yafunyaniswa ukuba isetyenziselwa ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuselo lweX-reyi.Ngoku imfuno ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibe yenye yeendawo eziphambili zesicelo se-strontium;IStrontium ikwandisa uluhlu lwesicelo sayo kwezinye iindawo.Ukusukela ngoko, i-strontium carbonate kunye nezinye iikhompawundi ze-strontium (ityuwa ze-strontium) njengezinto ezibalulekileyo zetyuwa ezingaphiliyo zifumene ingqalelo kunye nengqalelo ebanzi.
Njengemathiriyeli ebalulekileyo yemveliso, istrontium carbonateisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yeetyhubhu zemifanekiso, iimonitha, iimonitha zemizi-mveliso, izinto ze-elektroniki, njl.Kwangaxeshanye, istrontium carbonate ikwayeyona nto iphambili ekulungiseni i-metallic strontium kunye neetyuwa ezahlukeneyo ze-strontium.Ukongeza, i-strontium carbonate ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezinto zomlilo, iglasi ye-fluorescent, iibhombu zesignali, ukwenza iphepha, iyeza, ii-reagents zohlalutyo, ukucocwa kweswekile, ukucocwa kwe-zinc metal electrolyte, ukuveliswa kwe-pigment yetyuwa ye-strontium, njl. -i-purity strontium carbonate, efana neseti yombala wesikrini esikhulu seTV, imiboniso yemibala yeekhompyuter kunye nezixhobo ezisebenza kakhulu zemagneti, njl njl. ukuncipha kwemithambo yezimbiwa, ukunyuka kweendleko zamandla kunye nokungcoliseka kwendalo.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, intengiso yesicelo se-strontium carbonate inokubonwa.
Ngoku, siza kwazisa usetyenziso oluthile lwestrontium carbonate:
Okokuqala, istrontium carbonate yahlulwe ngokweenkcukacha zegranular kunye nomgubo.I-granular isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiglasi yeTV eTshayina, kwaye umgubo usetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimveliso ye-strontium ferrite imathiriyeli kazibuthe, ukunyibilikisa isinyithi esingenaferrous, i-pyrotechnic heartliver ebomvu kunye nokuveliswa kwe-high-purity strontium carbonate kumacandelo e-elektroniki anjenge-PTC, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeglasi yeTV kunye neglasi yokubonisa, i-strontium ferrite, imathiriyeli kazibuthe kunye ne-nonferrous metal desulfurization, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa kwimveliso yomlilo, iglasi ekhanyayo, ibhombu yeSignali, ukwenza iphepha, iyeza, i-reagent yohlalutyo kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenza ezinye. iityuwa ze-strontium.
Eyona nto isetyenziswayo yestrontium carbonate kwizicelo zombane zezi:
Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umamkeli kamabonakude wombala (CTV) ukufunxa ii-electron ezenziwe yi-cathode
1. Ukwenziwa kwe-strontium ferrite yeemagnethi ezisisigxina ezisetyenziswa kwizandisi-lizwi kunye neemagnethi zomnyango.
2.Ukuveliswa kwetyhubhu ye-cathode ray yombala weTV
3.Ikwasetyenziselwa i-electromagnets kunye ne-strontium ferrite
I-4.Ingenziwa kwiinjini ezincinci, izahluli zemagnethi kunye nesandisi-lizwi
5.Funxa iiX-reyi
I-6.Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ezinye ii-superconductors, ezifana ne-BSCO, kunye nezixhobo ze-electroluminescent.Okokuqala, i-calcined kwi-SrO, kwaye ixutywe nesulfure ukwenza i-SrS: x, apho x idla ngokuba yi-europium.
Kwishishini leceramic, istrontium carbonate idlala indima enjalo:
1.Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengesithako se-glaze.
2.Isebenza njenge-flux
3.Tshintsha umbala wezinye iioksidi zetsimbi.
Kanjalo,olona setyenziso luxhaphakileyo lwestrontium carbonate lufana nombala ongabizi kakhulu kwiifireworks.
Ngamafutshane, i-strontium carbonate isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ngakumbi kwimveliso yeglasi yeTV kunye neglasi yokubonisa, i-strontium ferrite, izixhobo zemagnethi kunye ne-nonferrous metal desulfurization kunye namanye amashishini, okanye kwimveliso yomlilo, iglasi ye-fluorescent, iibhombu zesignali, ukwenza iphepha, iyeza. , ii-reagents zohlalutyo kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa ezinye iityuwa ze-strontium.
Ngokwezibalo, i-China inamashishini angaphezu kwama-20 abandakanyeka kwimveliso ye-strontium carbonate, enomthamo wemveliso yonyaka we-289000 yeetoni, ibe ngumvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi kunye nomthengi we-carbonated gill, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuzo zonke iindawo zehlabathi, besonwabela udumo oluphezulu. kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.Ngokweenkcukacha-manani amasiko, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-strontium carbonate yase-China kwiminyaka yakutshanje i-78700 yeetoni ngo-2003, i-98000 yeetoni ngo-2004 kunye ne-33000 yeetoni ngo-2005, i-akhawunti ye-34.25%, i-36.8% kunye ne-39.7% ye-5% ye-5. I-54.7% kunye ne-57.8% yorhwebo lwemalike yamazwe ngamazwe.I-Celestite, eyona mathiriyeli ekrwada ye-strontium carbonate, iyiminerali enqabileyo emhlabeni kwaye iyimithombo yezimbiwa enqabileyo engahlaziyekiyo.
Njengoko sonke siyazi, i-strontium ngumthombo obalulekileyo wezimbiwa ezinoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa.Enye yokusetyenziswa kwayo kukucubungula iityuwa ze-strontium, ezifana ne-strontium carbonate, i-strontium titanate, i-nitrate, i-strontium oxide, i-strontium chloride, i-strontium chromate, i-strontium ferrite, njl. Phakathi kwabo, isixa esikhulu kukuvelisa i-strontium carbonate.
E-China, i-strontium carbonate yethu inenzuzo ethile malunga nokubonelela kunye nemveliso.Kunokuthiwa ukuba ithemba lemarike ye-strontium carbonate liyathembisa.
1.Indlela yokubola entsonkothileyo.
I-celestite yatyunyuzwa kwaye yasabela ngesisombululo se-soda ash ye-2h kwiqondo lokushisa le-100 ℃.I-concentration yokuqala ye-sodium carbonate yi-20%, inani le-sodium carbonate eyongeziweyo yi-110% yexabiso le-theoretical, kunye ne-particle size ye-ore powder yi-80 mesh.Ngaphantsi kwesi simo, izinga lokubola lingafikelela ngaphezu kwe-97%.Emva kokucoca, ukuxinwa kwe-sodium sulfate kwi-filtrate kunokufikelela kuma-24%.Betha i-strontium carbonate ekrwada ngamanzi, yongeza i-hydrochloric acid seasoning slurry kwi-pH3, kwaye emva kwe-2~3h kwi-90 ~ 100 ℃, yongeza isikhiphi se-barium ukususa i-barium, uze ulungelelanise udaka olune-ammonia ukuya kwi-pH6.8~7.2 ukususa ubumdaka. .Emva kokuhluzwa, ifiltrate inyusa istrontium carbonate eneammonium bicarbonate okanye isisombululo seammonium carbonate, kwaye emva koko ihluze ukususa isisombululo se-ammonium chloride.Emva kokumisa ikhekhe lokucoca, imveliso ye-strontium carbonate ilungiselelwe.
SrSO4+Na2CO3→SrCO3+Na2SO4
SrCO3+2HCl→SrCl2+CO2↑+H2O
SrCl2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH4Cl+HCl
2.Indlela yokunciphisa amalahle.
I-Celestite kunye namalahle acoliweyo atyunyuziwe ukuba adlulise i-meshes engama-20 njengezinto eziluhlaza, umlinganiselo we-ore kumalahle ngu-1: 0.6 ~ 1: 0.7, uncitshiswe kwaye utshiswe kwiqondo lokushisa le-1100 ~ 1200 ℃, emva kwe-0.5 ~ 1.0h, i-calcined material ihlanjwe kabini, ihlanjwe kube kanye, ifakwe kwi-90 ℃, ifakwe i-3h ngexesha ngalinye, kwaye izinga lokuvuthwa lilonke linokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-82%.Isisombululo se-leaching siyahluzwa, intsalela yokucoca ihlanjululwe nge-hydrochloric acid, kwaye i-strontium iphinda ihlaziywe, kwaye ifiltrate yongezwa ngesisombululo se-mirabilite ukususa i-barium, Emva koko yongeza isisombululo se-ammonium bicarbonate okanye i-sodium carbonate ukusabela ukuvelisa imvula ye-strontium carbonate (okanye ngqo carbonize nge carbon dioxide), uze wahlukane, wome, kwaye usile ukuvelisa iimveliso strontium carbonate.
SrSO4+2C→SrS+2CO2
2SrS+2H2O → Sr (OH) 2+Sr (HS) 2
Sr(OH)2+Sr(HS)2+2NH4HCO3→2Sr(CO3+2NH4HS+2H2O
3.Isisombululo esishushu se-strontium siderite.
I-strontium siderite kunye ne-coke ziyacolwa kwaye zixutywe kumxube ngokomlinganiselo we-ore kwi-coke=10:1 (umlinganiselo wobunzima).Emva kokugcoba kwi-1150 ~ 1250 ℃, i-carbonates ibolile ukuvelisa i-clinker equkethe i-strontium oxide kunye nezinye i-oxides zetsimbi.I-clinker ivuzwa ngamanyathelo amathathu, kwaye ubushushu obungcono bungama-95 ℃.Inyathelo lesibini nelesithathu linokutsalwa kulo.Ukuqhuba kwi-70-80 ℃.Isisombululo se-leaching senza i-concentration ye-strontium hydroxide ibe yi-1mol / L, ehambelana nokuhlukana kokungcola kwe-Ca2 + kunye ne-Mg2 +.Yongeza i-ammonium bicarbonate kwi-filtrate ye-carbonization ukuze ufumane i-strontium carbonate.Emva kokuhlukana, ukomisa kunye nokutyumza, i-strontium carbonate egqityiweyo ifunyenwe.
SrCO3→SrO+C02↑
SrO+H2O→Sr(OH)2
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3↓+NH3·H2O+H2O
4. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Ukusuka kwibrine engaphantsi komhlaba equlethe ibromine kunye nestrontium, istrontium equlethe utywala kamama emva kokutsalwa kwebromine ayithatyathelwanga ntweni ngekalika, iqhunyiswe ngumphunga, igxininiswe kwaye ipholiswe, kwaye i-sodium chloride iyasuswa, emva koko i-calcium isuswe yi-caustic soda, kwaye i-ammonium bicarbonate yongezwa ukuguqula. I-strontium hydroxide kwimvula ye-strontium carbonate, kwaye emva koko ihlanjululwe kwaye yomiswe ukuvelisa iimveliso ze-strontium carbonate.
SrC12+2NaOH→Sr(OH)2+2NaCl
Sr(OH)2+NH4HCO3→SrCO3+NH3·H2O+H2O
Wowu!Uyazi, iWit-Stone yinkampani entle kakhulu!Inkonzo igqwesile ngokwenene, ukupakishwa kwemveliso kuhle kakhulu, isantya sokuhanjiswa sikwakhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye kukho abasebenzi abaphendula imibuzo kwi-Intanethi iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.
Inkonzo yenkampani iyamangalisa ngokwenene.Zonke iimpahla ezifunyenweyo zipakishwe kakuhle kwaye zifakwe amanqaku afanelekileyo.Ukupakishwa kuqinile kwaye isantya solungiselelo siyakhawuleza.
Umgangatho weemveliso uphezulu ngokupheleleyo.Ndothuswa kukuba, isimo sengqondo senkonzo yenkampani ukususela kwixesha lokwamkela uphando ukuya kwixesha apho ndaqinisekisa ukufunyanwa kwempahla yayiyiklasi yokuqala, eyandenza ndaziva ndishushu kakhulu kwaye ndiziva ndivuya kakhulu.
