10.Escondida, eChile
Ubunini bomgodi we-ESCONDIDA eAtacama Desert kumantla eChile bohlulwe phakathi kweBHP Billiton (57.5%) , iRio Tinto (30%) kunye nendibaniselwano ekhokelwa yiMitsubishi (12.5%) idityanisiwe.Umgodi wawubala ipesenti ze-5 zemveliso yethusi yehlabathi kwi-2016. Imveliso sele iqalile ukuhla kwiminyaka yamuva nje, kwaye i-BHP Billiton yathi kwingxelo yayo ye-2019 malunga neenzuzo zomgodi ukuba imveliso yobhedu e-Escondida yawa ngeepesenti ze-6 ukusuka kunyaka-mali odlulileyo ukuya kwi-1.135 iitoni million, ukwehla okulindelekileyo, ukuba inkampani iqikelela 12 ekhulwini ukuhla kwibakala ubhedu.Ngo-2018, i-BHP yavula iplanti ye-ESCONDIDA yokukhupha ityuwa ukuze isetyenziswe emigodini, ngoko ke inkulu kwi-desalination.Isityalo siye sandisa ngokuthe ngcembe imisebenzi yaso, kunye ne-desalinated water accounting kwi-40 yepesenti yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwisityalo ekupheleni konyaka-mali ka-2019. impembelelo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lomgodi uphela.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: Ubhedu
Umsebenzisi: BHP Billiton (BHP)
Ukuqalisa: 1990
Imveliso yonyaka: 1,135 kilotons (2019)
09. UMir, eRashiya
Umgodi wokungqusha waseSiberia wawukade ngowona mgodi mkhulu wedayimani kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union.Umgodi ovulekileyo uziimitha ezingama-525 ubunzulu kunye ne-1.2 yeekhilomitha ububanzi.Igqalwa njengomnye weyona mingxuma mikhulu yokugrumba emhlabeni kwaye ililitye lembombo kwishishini ledayimani elalisakuba yiSoviet.Umgodi ovulekileyo wasebenza ukusuka kwi-1957 ukuya ku-2001, wavalwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-2004, waphinda wavulwa ngo-2009 kwaye wahamba ngaphantsi komhlaba.Ngethuba wawuvalwa ngo-2001, lo mgodi wawuqikelelwa ukuba wawusele uvelise iibhiliyoni ezilishumi elinesixhenxe zeedayimani ezirhabaxa.Umgodi wokusila waseSiberia, ngoku osetyenziswa yiAlrosa, eyona nkampani inkulu yedayimani yaseRussia, ivelisa iikhilogram ezingama-2,000 zeedayimani ngonyaka, iipesenti ezingama-95 zemveliso yedayimane yelizwe, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokusebenza kude kube malunga no-2059.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: idayimani
Umsebenzisi: Alrosa
Ukuqala ngo-1957
Imveliso yonyaka: 2,000 kg
08. Boddington, Ostreliya
Umgodi we-BODDINGTON ngowona mgodi wegolide waseOstreliya mkhulu ovulekileyo, ugqitha umgodi wegolide odumileyo (i-Feston open-pit) xa iphinde yaqalisa imveliso ngo-2009. Iidipozithi zegolide eBoddington kunye nebhanti ye-greenstone yaseMaanfeng eNtshona Ostreliya ziidipozithi zegolide eziqhelekileyo.Emva kokubambisana ngeendlela ezintathu phakathi kweNewmont, Anglogoldashanti kunye ne-Newcrest, i-Newmont yafumana i-stake kwi-AngloGold ngo-2009, yaba yedwa umnini kunye nomqhubi wenkampani.Lo mgodi ukwavelisa i-copper sulfate, yaye ngoMatshi 2011, kwiminyaka nje emibini kamva, uye wavelisa iitoni zokuqala zegolide ezingama-28.35.I-Newmont yasungula iprojekthi ye-carbon offset yamahlathi e-Burdington ngo-2009 kwaye yatyala i-800,000 ye-horsepower saplings eNew South Wales nakwi-Western Australia.Inkampani iqikelela ukuba le mithi iyakufunxa malunga neetoni ezingama-300,000 zekhabhoni kwiminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50, ngelixa iphucula ubutyuwa bomhlaba kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kunye nokuxhasa umthetho wase-Australia ococekileyo waMandla kunye nenyathelo lezoLimo leCarbon, isicwangciso seprojekthi sidlale indima ebalulekileyo kulwakhiwo. yemigodi eluhlaza.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: Igolide
Umsebenzisi: Newmont
Ukuqalisa: 1987
Imveliso yonyaka: iitoni ezingama-21.8
07. Kiruna, Sweden
Umgodi we-KIRUNA eLapland, eSweden, ngowona mgodi mkhulu wentsimbi emhlabeni kwaye ubekwe kakuhle ukujonga i-Aurora Borealis.Umgodi waqala ukugrunjwa ngo-1898 kwaye ngoku uqhutywa ngurhulumente we-luossavara-kiirunaara Aktiebolag (LKAB), inkampani yaseSweden yezimayini.Ubungakanani bomgodi wesinyithi we-Kiruna bukhokelela kwisixeko saseKiruna ukuba sithathe isigqibo kwi-2004 ukufuduka kwindawo yedolophu ngenxa yomngcipheko wokuba kuya kubangela ukuba umhlaba udibanise.Ukufuduswa kwaqala ngo-2014 kwaye umbindi wesixeko uya kwakhiwa kwakhona ngo-2022. NgoMeyi 2020, inyikima ye-4.9 yenzeke kwi-shaft yemigodi ngenxa yemisebenzi yemigodi.Ngokomlinganiselo wenkqubo yokubeka iliso kwinyikima, ubunzulu obumalunga ne-1.1 km.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: intsimbi
Umsebenzisi:LKAB
Ukuqala ngo-1989
Imveliso yonyaka: iitoni zezigidi ezingama-26.9 (2018)
06. Inja ebomvu, i-US
Ifumaneka kwingingqi yeArctic yaseAlaska, umgodi weRed Dog ngowona mgodi mkhulu we-zinc emhlabeni.Umgodi uqhutywa yi-Teck Resources, ekwavelisa ilothe nesilivere.Lo mgodi, novelisa malunga ne-10% ye-zinc yehlabathi, kulindeleke ukuba usebenze de kube ngu-2031. Lo mgodi ugxekwe ngokuchaphazeleka kwendalo, ingxelo ye-United States Environmental Protection Agency ithi ukhupha izinto eziyityhefu ezininzi kwindalo esingqongileyo. indawo yokusebenzela eUnited States.Nangona umthetho we-alaskan uvumela amanzi amdaka acociweyo ukuba akhutshelwe kuthungelwano lwemilambo, iTektronix yajongana nesenzo somthetho ngo-2016 ngongcoliseko loMlambo i-Urik.Sekunjalo, i-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yase-United States yavumela i-Alaska ukuba isuse i-Red Dog Creek kunye ne-ICARUS creek kuluhlu lwayo lwamanzi angcolisekileyo.
Isicatshulwa esicacisayo:
Iminerali engundoqo: iZinc
Umsebenzisi: Teck Resources
Ukuqala ngo-1989
Imveliso yonyaka: iitoni ezingama-515,200
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-22-2022